Endocrinology and Metabolism

Original Articles

Diabetes, obesity and metabolism
Greater Severity of Steatosis Is Associated with a Higher Risk of Incident Diabetes: A Retrospective Longitudinal Study: Ji Min Han, Jung Hwan Cho, Hye In Kim, Sunghwan Suh, Yu-Ji Lee, Jung Won Lee, Kwang Min Kim, Ji Cheol Bae; Endocrinol Metab. 2023;38(4):418-425. Published online July 12, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2023.1729

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Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Background
Fatty liver is associated with increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes. We aimed to evaluate whether the severity of hepatic steatosis is associated with incident diabetes.
Methods
We conducted a longitudinal analysis using data from 1,798 participants who underwent a comprehensive health checkup and abdominal computed tomography (CT). We assessed the association between baseline liver attenuation value on non-contrast CT images and risk of incident diabetes. All the participants were categorized into three groups based on the baseline liver attenuation value on non-contrast CT images: without hepatic steatosis (>57 Hounsfield unit [HU]), mild hepatic steatosis (41–57 HU), and moderate to severe hepatic steatosis (≤40 HU).
Results
During a median follow-up period of 5 years, 6.0% of the study participants progressed to diabetes. The incidence of diabetes was 17.3% in the moderate to severe hepatic steatosis group, 9.0% in the mild steatosis group, and 2.9% in those without hepatic steatosis. In a multivariate adjustment model, as compared with participants without hepatic steatosis, those with moderate to severe steatosis had a hazard ratio (HR) of 3.24 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.64 to 4.2) for the development of diabetes, and those in the mild steatosis group had a HR of 2.33 (95% CI, 1.42 to 3.80). One standard deviation decrease in mean CT attenuation values of the liver was associated with a 40% increase in the development of diabetes (multivariate adjusted HR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.2 to 1.63).
Conclusion
We found a positive association between severity of hepatic steatosis and risk of incident diabetes. Greater severity of steatosis was associated with a higher risk of incident diabetes.

Clinical Study
Clinical Outcomes after Early and Delayed Radioiodine Remnant Ablation in Patients with Low-Risk Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: Propensity Score Matching Analysis: Jonghwa Ahn, Meihua Jin, Eyun Song, Min Ji Jeon, Tae Yong Kim, Jin-Sook Ryu, Won Bae Kim, Young Kee Shong, Ji Min Han, Won Gu Kim; Endocrinol Metab. 2020;35(4):830-837. Published online November 18, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2020.747

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Background
The clinical outcomes of delayed radioiodine remnant ablation (RRA) therapy in patients with low-risk papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) are unclear. We aimed to evaluate the clinical impact of the interval between total thyroidectomy (TT) and RRA therapy in patients with low-risk PTC.
Methods
We included 526 patients who underwent TT and RRA for low-risk PTC with a primary tumor size of >1 cm between 2000 and 2012. Patients were divided into the early (<90 days) and the delayed (≥90 days) RRA groups based on the interval between TT and RRA. The results of diagnostic whole-body scan (DxWBS), ongoing risk stratification (ORS; response to therapy), and disease-free survival (DFS) were evaluated before and after propensity score matching (PSM).
Results
Among the 526 patients, 75 (14.3%) patients underwent delayed RRA; they had more cervical lymph node metastasis and received a higher RRA dose than those who underwent early RRA. The median follow-up period was 9.1 years after initial therapy, and the structural recurrence rate was 1.9%. In DxWBS, 60 patients had focal iodine uptake limited in operative bed, with no significant difference between groups. According to ORS, 78%, 20%, 1%, and 1% patients were classified into excellent, indeterminate, biochemical incomplete, and structural incomplete response groups, respectively. There was no significant difference in ORS or DFS between groups before and after PSM.
Conclusion
The timing of the first RRA had no clinical impact in patients with low-risk PTC. Thus, the clinical decision for RRA can be determined >3 months after TT considering other prognostic factors.

Citations

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Dynamic risk assessment in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer
Erika Abelleira, Fernando Jerkovich
Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders.2024; 25(1): 79. CrossRef
Ablation Rates and Long-Term Outcome Following Low-Dose Radioiodine for Differentiated Thyroid Cancer in the West of Scotland: A Retrospective Analysis
Kathryn Graham, Fay Tough, Helena Belikova, Irene Wotherspoon, David Colville, Nicholas Reed
Endocrine Practice.2024; 30(4): 327. CrossRef
Radioiodine ablation after thyroidectomy could be safely abandoned or postponed in selected stage I papillary thyroid carcinoma patients of low-risk group: an observational prospective study
S.M. Cherenko, A.Yu. Glagolieva, D.E. Makhmudov
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY (Ukraine).2024; 20(1): 7. CrossRef
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J. Wadsley, N. Armstrong, V. Bassett-Smith, M. Beasley, R. Chandler, L. Cluny, A.J. Craig, K. Farnell, K. Garcez, N. Garnham, K. Graham, A. Hallam, S. Hill, H. Hobrough, F. McKiddie, M.W.J. Strachan
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Delay of initial radioactive iodine therapy beyond 3 months has no effect on clinical responses and overall survival in patients with thyroid carcinoma: A cohort study and a meta‐analysis
Fang Cheng, Juan Xiao, Fengyan Huang, Chunchun Shao, Shouluan Ding, Canhua Yun, Hongying Jia
Cancer Medicine.2022; 11(12): 2386. CrossRef
Delayed (>3 Months) Postoperative Radioactive Iodine Ablation Does Not Impact Clinical Response or Survival in Differentiated Thyroid Cancers
Tatiana Fedorova, Lilah F. Morris-Wiseman
Clinical Thyroidology.2022; 34(10): 456. CrossRef

Thyroid
Clinical Outcomes of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Patients with Local Recurrence or Distant Metastasis Detected in Old Age: Ji Min Han, Ji Cheol Bae, Hye In Kim, Sam Kwon, Min Ji Jeon, Won Gu Kim, Tae Yong Kim, Young Kee Shong, Won Bae Kim; Endocrinol Metab. 2018;33(4):459-465. Published online November 30, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2018.33.4.459

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Background

Differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) shows a very good prognosis, but older patients have a higher recurrence rate and those show poor prognosis than younger patients. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical outcomes of thyroid cancer patients who experienced recurrence in old age according to the treatment strategy used.

Methods

This retrospective observational cohort study was conducted at Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea. Among DTC patients with no evidence of disease after initial treatment, we enrolled 86 patients who experienced recurrence at an age >65 years from 1994 to 2012. Sixty-nine patients had local recurrence and 17 patients showed distant metastasis.

Results

The mean age of patients at recurrence was 72 years. Patients were followed up for a median of 4.1 years after recurrence. Sixty-three of the 69 patients with local recurrence received additional treatment, while the other six received conservative care. The cancer-specific mortality rate was 15.5% in the local recurrence group. Airway problems were the main cause of death in patients who did not receive further treatment for local recurrence. Among the 17 patients with distant metastasis, 10 underwent specific treatment for metastasis and seven received only supportive management. Seven of those 17 patients died, and the cancer-specific mortality rate was 35% in the distant metastasis group.

Conclusion

The overall cancer-specific mortality rate was 20% in DTC patients in whom recurrence was first detected at an age >65 years. Mortality due to uncontrolled local disease occurred frequently in patients who did not receive definitive management for recurrence.

Citations

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Identification of Circulating Tumor Cell Phenotype in Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma
Huiling Wang, Mian Lv, Yonghong Huang, Xiaoming Pan, Changyuan Wei
Journal of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering.2022; 12(4): 813. CrossRef
Long-Term Outcomes and Prognoses of Elderly Patients (≥65-Years-Old) With Distant Metastases From Well-Differentiated Thyroid Cancer During Radioiodine Therapy and Follow-Up
Zhong-Ling Qiu, Chen-Tian Shen, Zhen-Kui Sun, Hong-Jun Song, Chuang Xi, Guo-Qiang Zhang, Yang Wang, Quan-Yong Luo
Frontiers in Endocrinology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Head-to-Head Comparison of Neck 18F-FDG PET/MR and PET/CT in the Diagnosis of Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma Patients after Comprehensive Treatment
Yangmeihui Song, Fang Liu, Weiwei Ruan, Fan Hu, Muhsin H. Younis, Zairong Gao, Jie Ming, Tao Huang, Weibo Cai, Xiaoli Lan
Cancers.2021; 13(14): 3436. CrossRef
Highly sensitive electrochemical immunosensor using a protein-polyvinylidene fluoride nanocomposite for human thyroglobulin
Maria Oneide Silva de Moraes, João de Deus Pereira de Moraes Segundo, Marcos Marques da Silva Paula, Maria Goreti Ferreira Sales, Walter Ricardo Brito
Bioelectrochemistry.2021; 142: 107888. CrossRef

Thyroid
Prognosis of Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma with Initial Distant Metastasis: A Multicenter Study in Korea: Hosu Kim, Hye In Kim, Sun Wook Kim, Jaehoon Jung, Min Ji Jeon, Won Gu Kim, Tae Yong Kim, Hee Kyung Kim, Ho-Cheol Kang, Ji Min Han, Yoon Young Cho, Tae Hyuk Kim, Jae Hoon Chung; Endocrinol Metab. 2018;33(2):287-295. Published online June 21, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2018.33.2.287

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Background

Most patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) have a favorable prognosis. However, patients with DTC and initial distant metastasis have not been commonly found, and their clinical characteristics have seldom been reported. In this study, we analyzed the clinical features and prognosis of patients with DTC and initial distant metastasis in Korea.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of 242 patients with DTC and initial distant metastasis treated from 1994 to 2013, collected from five tertiary hospitals in Korea.

Results

The patients' median age was 51 years, and 65% were women. They were followed for a median of 7 years. Lung was the most common site of distant metastasis: only lung 149 patients (62%), only bone 49 (20%), other single site one (pleura), and combined sites 43 (40 were lung and bone, two were bone and other site, and one was lung and other site). At the time of diagnosis, 50 patients (21%) had non-radioactive iodine (RAI) avidity. Five-year disease-specific survival (DSS) was 85% and 10-year DSS was 68%, which were better than those in previous studies. After multivariate analysis, old age, male sex, metastatic site, and histologic type (follicular type) were significant factors for poor prognosis. However, negative RAI avidity status was not a significant prognostic factor after adjusting for other variables.

Conclusion

The prognosis of Korean patients with DTC and initial distant metastasis was better than in previous studies. Old age, male sex, metastasis site, and histologic type were significant prognostic factors.

Citations

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Case report: A case of hyperthyroidism secondary to bone metastasis of differentiated thyroid cancer
Tingyu Gu, Zhihong Zhao, Yuanyuan Shi, Zhenhua Sun, Yao Wang, Zhiyuan He, Kun Wang
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Luca Giovanella, Murat Tuncel, Atena Aghaee, Alfredo Campenni, Armando De Virgilio, Petra Petranović Ovčariček
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Thyroid Hormone Withdrawal versus Recombinant Human TSH as Preparation for I-131 Therapy in Patients with Metastatic Thyroid Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
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Molecular Theranostics in Radioiodine-Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
Petra Petranović Ovčariček, Alfredo Campenni, Bart de Keizer, Desiree Deandreis, Michael C. Kreissl, Alexis Vrachimis, Murat Tuncel, Luca Giovanella
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Differentiating pulmonary metastasis from benign lung nodules in thyroid cancer patients using dual-energy CT parameters
Taeho Ha, Wooil Kim, Jaehyung Cha, Young Hen Lee, Hyung Suk Seo, So Young Park, Nan Hee Kim, Sung Ho Hwang, Hwan Seok Yong, Yu-Whan Oh, Eun-Young Kang, Cherry Kim
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Feasibility of Recombinant Human TSH as a Preparation for Radioiodine Therapy in Patients with Distant Metastases from Papillary Thyroid Cancer: Comparison of Long-Term Survival Outcomes with Thyroid Hormone Withdrawal
Hsi-Chen Tsai, Kung-Chu Ho, Shih-Hsin Chen, Jing-Ren Tseng, Lan-Yan Yang, Kun-Ju Lin, Ju-Chin Cheng, Miaw-Jene Liou
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Long-Term Quality of Life (5-15 Years Post-Thyroidectomy) of Thyroid Carcinoma Patients in Two Tertiary Care Hospitals
Mohammed Yousef Alyousef, Mohammed Khaled Ghandour, Mohammed Al-Mohawes, Mosaad Alnwaisir, Tahera Islam, Khalid Al Qahtani
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Pınar Celepli, İrem Bigat, Sefika Karabulut, Salih Celepli, Sema Hücümenoğlu
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Clinical study of ultrasonic evaluation of T/N staging of differentiated thyroid carcinoma using AJCC 8th staging criteria
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Initial clinical and treatment patterns of advanced differentiated thyroid cancer: ERUDIT study
Juan Antonio Vallejo Casas, Marcel Sambo, Carlos López López, Manuel Durán-Poveda, Julio Rodríguez-Villanueva García, Rita Joana Santos, Marta Llanos, Elena Navarro-González, Javier Aller, Virginia Pubul, Sonsoles Guadalix, Guillermo Crespo, Cintia Gonzál
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Male sex is not an independent risk factor for recurrence of differentiated thyroid cancer: a propensity score-matching study
Joonseon Park, Kwangsoon Kim, Dong-Jun Lim, Ja Seong Bae, Jeong Soo Kim
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Evaluation of the 2015 ATA Guidelines in Patients With Distant Metastatic Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
Evert F S van Velsen, Merel T Stegenga, Folkert J van Kemenade, Boen L R Kam, Tessa M van Ginhoven, W Edward Visser, Robin P Peeters
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.2020; 105(3): e457. CrossRef
Usefulness of a 3D‐Printed Thyroid Cancer Phantom for Clinician to Patient Communication
Dayeong Hong, Sangwook Lee, Taehun Kim, Jung Hwan Baek, Won Woong Kim, Ki‐Wook Chung, Namkug Kim, Tae‐Yon Sung
World Journal of Surgery.2020; 44(3): 788. CrossRef
Estimating the Growth Rate of Lung Metastases in Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma: Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors or Doubling Time?
Eyun Song, Jonghwa Ahn, Min Ji Jeon, Sang Min Lee, Jeong Hyun Lee, Tae Yong Kim, Jung Hwan Baek, Won Bae Kim, Young Kee Shong, Won Gu Kim
Thyroid.2020; 30(3): 418. CrossRef
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Alfredo Campennì, Daniele Barbaro, Marco Guzzo, Francesca Capoccetti, Luca Giovanella
Endocrine.2020; 70(2): 280. CrossRef
Unusual metastases from differentiated thyroid cancers: A multicenter study in Korea
Jee Hee Yoon, Min Ji Jeon, Mijin Kim, A. Ram Hong, Hee Kyung Kim, Dong Yeob Shin, Bo Hyun Kim, Won Bae Kim, Young Kee Shong, Ho-Cheol Kang, Domenico Albano
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Extended Real-World Observation of Patients Treated with Sorafenib for Radioactive Iodine-Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma and Impact of Lenvatinib Salvage Treatment: A Korean Multicenter Study
Hye-Seon Oh, Dong Yeob Shin, Mijin Kim, So Young Park, Tae Hyuk Kim, Bo Hyun Kim, Eui Young Kim, Won Bae Kim, Jae Hoon Chung, Young Kee Shong, Dong Jun Lim, Won Gu Kim
Thyroid.2019; 29(12): 1804. CrossRef
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Hosu Kim, So Young Park, Jaehoon Jung, Jung-Han Kim, Soo Yeon Hahn, Jung Hee Shin, Young Lyun Oh, Man Ki Chung, Hye In Kim, Sun Wook Kim, Jae Hoon Chung, Tae Hyuk Kim
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Endocrine.2019; 65(3): 630. CrossRef
The Prognosis of Papillary Thyroid Cancer with Initial Distant Metastasis is Strongly Associated with Extensive Extrathyroidal Extension: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Young Ki Lee, Daham Kim, Dong Yeob Shin, Cho Rok Lee, Eun Jig Lee, Sang-Wook Kang, Jandee Lee, Jong Ju Jeong, Kee-Hyun Nam, Woong Youn Chung, Cheong Soo Park
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Risk Factors for Distant Metastasis in Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma in Korea
Shin Dol Jo, Joon-Hyop Lee, Suk Ha Kang, Yun Yeong Kim, Yong Soon Chun, Heung Kyu Park, Sang Tae Choi, Jin Mo Kang, Yoo Seung Chung
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Clinical Outcomes of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Patients with Local Recurrence or Distant Metastasis Detected in Old Age
Ji Min Han, Ji Cheol Bae, Hye In Kim, Sam Kwon, Min Ji Jeon, Won Gu Kim, Tae Yong Kim, Young Kee Shong, Won Bae Kim
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2018; 33(4): 459. CrossRef
Efficacy and Affecting Factors of 131I Thyroid Remnant Ablation After Surgical Treatment of Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma
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Thyroid
Prevalence and Annual Incidence of Thyroid Disease in Korea from 2006 to 2015: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study: Hyemi Kwon, Jin-hyung Jung, Kyung-Do Han, Yong-Gyu Park, Jung-Hwan Cho, Da Young Lee, Ji Min Han, Se Eun Park, Eun-Jung Rhee, Won-Young Lee; Endocrinol Metab. 2018;33(2):260-267. Published online June 21, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2018.33.2.260

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Background

The incidence of thyroid nodules has increased worldwide in recent years. Thyroid dysfunction is a potential risk factor for hypercholesterolemia, cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, arrhythmia, and neuropsychiatric disease. This study investigated the prevalence and annual incidence of thyroid nodules, hypothyroidism, and hyperthyroidism in Koreans.

Methods

In this nationwide population-based cohort study, 51,834,660 subjects were included using the National Health Information database from 2006 to 2015, after the exclusion of subjects with thyroid cancer.

Results

The prevalence in Korea in 2015 of thyroid nodules, hypothyroidism in patients taking thyroid hormone, and hyperthyroidism in patients undergoing treatment was 15.82/1,000 population, 15.94/1,000 population, and 2.76/1,000 population, respectively. All these diseases were more prevalent among women than among men. The number of incident cases of these three thyroid diseases steadily increased from 2006 to 2012, and then decreased through 2015. The incidence of thyroid nodules, hypothyroidism treated with thyroid hormone, and treated hyperthyroidism was 6.79/1,000 population, 1.76/1,000 population, and 0.55/1,000 population, respectively, in Korea in 2015. The use of methimazole continuously increased, from 33% of total antithyroid drug prescriptions in 2006 to 74.4% in 2015, and it became the most frequently prescribed antithyroid drug in Korea. In contrast, the use of propylthiouracil continuously decreased.

Conclusion

This was the first nationwide study of the prevalence and annual incidence of thyroid nodules, hypothyroidism, and hyperthyroidism to take into account recent changes and to include the current status of patients receiving treatment.

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Case Report

Long-Term Survival of a Patient with Pulmonary Artery Intimal Sarcoma after Sequential Metastasectomies of the Thyroid and Adrenal Glands: Yun Mi Choi, Eun Kyung Jang, Seong Hee Ahn, Min Ji Jeon, Ji Min Han, Seong Chul Kim, Duck Jong Han, Gyungyup Gong, Tae Yong Kim, Young Kee Shong, Won Bae Kim; Endocrinol Metab. 2013;28(1):46-49. Published online March 25, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2013.28.1.46

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Cancer metastases to the thyroid or adrenal gland are uncommon. Furthermore, cases showing long-term survival after surgical resection of those metastatic tumors are rare. We report a case of pulmonary artery intimal sarcoma with metastases to the thyroid and adrenal glands sequentially that was successfully treated with sequential metastasectomies. A 62-year-old woman presented with a 4-week history of dyspnea on exertion and facial edema in November 1999. Echocardiography and chest computed tomography (CT) revealed an embolism-like mass in the pulmonary trunk. Pulmonary artery endarterectomy with pulmonary valve replacement was performed, and histopathology revealed pulmonary artery intimal sarcoma. A thyroid nodule was found by chest CT in November 2001 (2 years after initial surgery). During follow-up, this lesion showed no change, but we decided to obtain fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in August 2004 (4.7 years after initial surgery). FNAC revealed atypical spindle cells suggestive of metastatic intimal sarcoma. She underwent total thyroidectomy. During follow-up, a right adrenal gland mass was detected by chest CT in March 2006 (6.3 years after initial surgery), and adrenalectomy was done, which also revealed metastatic sarcoma. She has been followed up without any evidence of recurrent disease until May 2012 (12.5 years after initial surgery).

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Han Hsi Wong, Ioannis Gounaris, Ann McCormack, Marius Berman, Dochka Davidson, Gail Horan, Joanna Pepke-Zaba, David Jenkins, Helena M Earl, Helen M Hatcher
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Original Article

Comparison of Different Staging Systems for Predicting Recurrence of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma.: Won Gu Kim, Eui Young Kim, Ji Hye Yim, Ji Min Han, Min Ji Jeon, Tae Yong Kim, Jin Sook Ryu, Gyungyub Gong, Suck Joon Hong, Won Bae Kim, Young Kee Shong; Endocrinol Metab. 2011;26(1):53-61. Published online March 1, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2011.26.1.53

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Abstract PDF

BACKGROUND
Various staging systems for thyroid cancer that focus on cancer specific death have been suggested, but this approach had a limitation due to the relatively long clinical course and very low rate of cancer death. This study was performed to evaluate the staging systems and to determine the most predictive staging system for predicting recurrence. METHODS: The patients who underwent first total or near total thyroidectomy due to papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) at Asan Medical Center between January 1995 and December 2001 were the subjects of this study. The commonly used 8 staging systems were applied to these subjects. Disease free survival (DFS) and the relative importance of each staging system were determined by the Kaplan-Meier method, the Cox-proportional hazards model and the proportion of variation in the survival time explained (PVE). RESULTS: A total of 952 patients (M = 117, F = 835) were enrolled and their mean age was 45 years. During a median of 10 years of follow-up, 146 (15.3%) of 952 patients had recurred tumor. The independent prognostic factors were male gender, tumor size, extrathyroidal invasion and cervical lymph node metastasis. Risk stratification according to the American thyroid association (ATA) guideline was the most predictive staging system for recurrence of PTC (PVE 88.6%). The staging systems from EORTC (PVE 79.5%), and MACIS (PVE 68.4%) had significant values for predicting recurrence of PTC. The stage of NTCTCS could not predict recurrence (PVE 4.5%, P = 0.11). CONCLUSION: Risk stratification according to the ATA was most predictive staging system for predicting recurrence of PTC. The MACIS and EORTC staging systems have good value for predicting recurrence of PTC.

Citations

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Unmet Clinical Needs in the Treatment of Patients with Thyroid Cancer
Won Bae Kim, Min Ji Jeon, Won Gu Kim, Tae Yong Kim, Young Kee Shong
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2020; 35(1): 14. CrossRef
Impact of delayed radioiodine therapy in intermediate‐/high‐risk papillary thyroid carcinoma
Mijin Kim, Minkyu Han, Min Ji Jeon, Won Gu Kim, In Joo Kim, Jin‐Sook Ryu, Won Bae Kim, Young Kee Shong, Tae Yong Kim, Bo Hyun Kim
Clinical Endocrinology.2019; 91(3): 449. CrossRef
Clinical Value of Lymph Node Ratio Integration with the 8th Edition of the UICC TNM Classification and 2015 ATA Risk Stratification Systems for Recurrence Prediction in Papillary Thyroid Cancer
Jandee Lee, Seul Gi Lee, Kwangsoon Kim, Seung Hyuk Yim, Haengrang Ryu, Cho Rok Lee, Sang Wook Kang, Jong Ju Jeong, Kee-Hyun Nam, Woong Youn Chung, Young Suk Jo
Scientific Reports.2019;[Epub] CrossRef
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Yoon‑Jong Ryu, Ji‑Young Choe, Kyoungyul Lee, Soon‑Hyun Ahn
Oncology Letters.2019;[Epub] CrossRef
Dynamic Risk Stratification for Predicting Recurrence in Patients with Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Treated Without Radioactive Iodine Remnant Ablation Therapy
Suyeon Park, Won Gu Kim, Eyun Song, Hye-Seon Oh, Mijin Kim, Hyemi Kwon, Min Ji Jeon, Tae Yong Kim, Young Kee Shong, Won Bae Kim
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Optimal cut-off age in the TNM Staging system of differentiated thyroid cancer: is 55 years better than 45 years?
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Sub-Classification of Lateral Cervical Lymph Node Metastasis in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma by Pathologic Criteria
Min Ji Jeon, Won Gu Kim, Eun Kyung Jang, Yun Mi Choi, Dong Eun Song, Tae-Yon Sung, Jong Ho Yoon, Ki-Wook Chung, Suck Joon Hong, Jin-Sook Ryu, Ji Min Han, Tae Yong Kim, Young Kee Shong, Won Bae Kim, Konradin Metze
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Recent Changes in the Clinical Outcome of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma With Cervical Lymph Node Metastasis
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Differentiating the location of cervical lymph node metastasis is very useful for estimating the risk of distant metastases in papillary thyroid carcinoma
Min Ji Jeon, Tae Yong Kim, Won Gu Kim, Ji Min Han, Eun Kyung Jang, Yun Mi Choi, Dong Eun Song, Jong Ho Yoon, Ki‐Wook Chung, Suck Joon Hong, Young Kee Shong, Won Bae Kim
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Hyun Ju Park, Dong Kun Lee, Ji Won Seo, Myung Koo Kang, Heon Soo Park, Rock Bum Kim, Sung Hwan Suh, Mi Kyoung Park, Duk Kyu Kim, Jong Chul Hong
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